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1. Non-adherence can be defined as:

A. Taking fewer doses per day than prescribed B. Taking more doses per day than prescribed C. Taking doses outside the prescribed intervals D. All of the above E. Unsure

2. Which of the following is true regarding non-adherence in the Parkinson's disease population?

A. It is below 50% B. Prescribers often underestimate its frequency C. A missed dose always results in an uptick in symptoms D. Missed doses is the most common type of non-adherence E. Unsure

3. DR is a patient with Parkinson's disease who has been asking for early refills of her carbidopa/levodopa. When her daughter picks up and pays for her prescription at the community pharmacy, she quietly mentions that DR has been losing money at the casino and that they have been forced to restrict access to her money. What medication-related issue may be a factor in DR's behavior?

A. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome B. Dyskinesia C. Wearing-off D. Parkinsonism hyperpyrexia syndrome E. Unsure

4. Wearing-off:

A. Happens only in advanced Parkinson's disease B. Is best treated by increasing the current dose but leaving the interval the same C. May be related to dietary protein intake D. Is easily recognized by patients due to the reemergence of motor symptoms E. Unsure

5. LT has had Parkinson's disease for approximately 8 years. At her most recent visit, she displays non-rhythmic, jerking movements in her limbs. LT's symptoms are likely:

A. Driven by the inability to store dopamine pre-synaptically B. Due to overactivity in the indirect pathway of movement C. A result of a decrease in glutamatergic thalamocortical output D. A result of upregulation of NMDA receptors E. Unsure

6. Extended-release carbidopa/levodopa:

A. Has a side-effect profile similar to that of the immediate-release (IR) formulation B. Is dosed 1:1 with IR carbidopa/levodopa C. Results in less systemic levodopa exposure than the IR formulation D. Results in a decrease of more than 1 hour of off-time per dose compared to IR carbidopa/levodopa E. Unsure

7. The enteral form of carbidopa/levodopa:

A. Is a first-line choice to treat new-onset dyskinesia B. May be supplemented with oral levodopa C. Is administered via a pump over a 24-hour period D. Results in tolerance in some individuals after approximately 1 year of therapy E. Unsure

8. DS has been prescribed extended-release amantadine capsules to treat her increasingly troublesome dyskinesias. What might DS experience with this medication?

A. An increase in on-time without troublesome dyskinesia B. An overall decrease in off-time C. A lag time to effect upon awakening D. A and B only E. Unsure

9. The 505(b)(2) approval pathway though the United States Food and Drug Administration:

A. Requires no testing of a new molecular entity B. Is only for approval of generics C. May use the efficacy data of an existing product D. May use the bioavailability data of an existing product E. Unsure

10. Pharmacists can improve patient outcomes in Parkinson's disease by:

A. Making decisions on the basis of the patient's appearance in the pharmacy or clinic B. Focusing their attention on the control of motor symptoms C. Helping patients time their doses around necessary daily activities D. Telling caregivers to crush extended-release amantadine tablets for easier swallowing E. Unsure

Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Non-adherence can be defined as:

2. Which of the following is true regarding non-adherence in the Parkinson's disease population?

4. Wearing-off:

5. LT has had Parkinson's disease for approximately 8 years. At her most recent visit, she displays non-rhythmic, jerking movements in her limbs. LT's symptoms are likely:

6. Extended-release carbidopa/levodopa:

7. The enteral form of carbidopa/levodopa:

8. DS has been prescribed extended-release amantadine capsules to treat her increasingly troublesome dyskinesias. What might DS experience with this medication?

9. The 505(b)(2) approval pathway though the United States Food and Drug Administration:

10. Pharmacists can improve patient outcomes in Parkinson's disease by:

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Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Non-adherence can be defined as:

2. Which of the following is true regarding non-adherence in the Parkinson's disease population?

4. Wearing-off:

5. LT has had Parkinson's disease for approximately 8 years. At her most recent visit, she displays non-rhythmic, jerking movements in her limbs. LT's symptoms are likely:

6. Extended-release carbidopa/levodopa:

7. The enteral form of carbidopa/levodopa:

8. DS has been prescribed extended-release amantadine capsules to treat her increasingly troublesome dyskinesias. What might DS experience with this medication?

9. The 505(b)(2) approval pathway though the United States Food and Drug Administration:

10. Pharmacists can improve patient outcomes in Parkinson's disease by:

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