A. A retrospective trial demonstrating that a drug is associated with interstitial fibrosis of the lung B. A single-arm trial of a novel agent for a rare disease C. A large phase 3 randomized trial with a treatment control arm D. A single patient who is treated off-label with an approved drug E. Unsure

A. Descriptive study B. Case-control study C. Cohort study D. Post-marketing phase 4 trial E. Unsure

A. Descriptive study B. Case-control study C. Cohort study D. A compassionate use trial E. Unsure

A. An electronic health record B. Claims data from an insurance company C. A registry database D. A clinical trial database E. Unsure

A. To ensure patients have input into clinical trial design B. To accelerate medical product development C. To creatively design studies to minimize ineffective drugs and doses administered to patients D. To simplify the Food and Drug Administration review process E. Unsure

A. 5% to 25% B. 25% to 40% C. 40% to 60% D. 60% to 80% E. Unsure

A. They block phosphorylation of RB, allowing it to bind E2F, which results in cell cycle arrest in G1 B. They inhibit KRAS signaling, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis C. They stimulate P16 phosphorylation, which results in G1/S cell cycle arrest D. They bind to estrogen receptors and prevent translocation to the nucleus, causing cell cycle arrest E. Unsure.

A. Ribociclib B. Palbociclib C. Fluvestrant D. Abemaciclib E. Unsure

A. Abemaciclib B. Palbociclib C. Ribociclib D. They are roughly equally effective E. Unsure

A. Ribociclib B. Palbociclib C. Fluvestrant D. Abemaciclib E. Unsure

A. Ribociclib B. Palbociclib C. Fluvestrant D. Abemaciclib E. Unsure

A. Ribociclib B. Palbociclib C. Fluvestrant D. Abemaciclib E. Unsure