A. To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in high risk patients B. To reduce the risk of hospitalization due to heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes using metformin therapy C. To reduce the risk of gastrointestinal adverse drug events from metformin D. To reduce major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease E. Unsure

A. Anti-inflammatory effects B. Atherosclerotic vascular benefits C. Vasodilation D. Intravascular volume contraction E. Unsure

A. To rule out the risk of drug interactions between the new antihyperglycemic medications and other common medications used by patients with type 2 diabetes. B. To determine which new antihyperglycemic medications may further reduce the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events. C. To verify that patients with type 2 diabetes receiving the new medication do not experience increased rates of cardiovascular events. D. To verify that the new antihyperglycemic medication does not contribute to additional weight gain, since diabetes commonly coincides with metabolic syndrome. E. Unsure

A. Low drop-out or withdrawal rate in the placebo group B. Low exposure to the study drug C. Overpowered study to detect a statistical difference D. Follow-up period too short E. Unsure

A. CV benefits are achieved after 4 to 5 half-lives of the medication has passed. B. CV benefits are achieved after 3 to 6 months of GLP-1 RA use. C. CV benefits are achieved as glycemic targets are reached. D. CV benefits are achieved after 12 to 18 months of GLP-1 RA use E. Unsure