A. Enhance the patient-physician relationship by removing pharmaceutical decision making from the prescriber's control. B. Provide optimal patient results, since step therapy has been rigorously tested with good results in randomized controlled trial in common retinal diseases such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration. C. Reduce third-payer party costs, because step therapy often requires generic or off-label drug selection, usually of lower cost than other FDA-approved alternatives. D. Improve patient satisfaction, since there is a less-involved informed-consent process since there is not a variety of options available to newly diagnosed patients with step-therapy mandated insurance coverage.

A. The inadvertent creation of physician patient barriers B. The effect on patient outcomes C. Possible patient non-adherence D. All of the above

A. Treat the patient with an FDA-approved sample medication to ensure smooth coverage and prevent further financial indebtedness B. Ask the patients to switch to a lower cost non-FDA approved medication C. Try to enroll patients in co-pay assistance programs D. All of the above

A. Continued treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab every 4 weeks B. Using the suite of access services from the FDA-approved medications to try to obtain no-cost branded treatment for this uninsured patient in an effort for extension C. Use sample branded medication treatment for this uninsured patient in an effort for extension D. Perform submacular surgery in an effort to eliminate injection treatment