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1. A 64-year-old woman has been hospitalized following a hemorrhagic stroke and is admitted to the ICU and immediately mechanically ventilated. After 4 days, she develops fever and a chest radiograph reveals new pulmonary infiltrates. Rapid diagnostics from a BAL sample reveals the presence of E. cloacae and she is initiated on cefepime. After 2 days, the patient remains febrile and susceptibility results reveal that the isolate has a cefepime MIC of 4 mg/L. Which of the following would be the most appropriate course of action?

A. Continue with cefepime B. Switch to piperacillin-tazobactam C. Switch to imipenem D. Switch to aztreonam plus colistin

2. Which of the following antimicrobials has the highest potential to induce ampC beta-lactamase production by Gram-negative bacteria?

A. Ciprofloxacin B. Meropenem C. Minocycline D. Azithromycin

3. According to the latest IDSA treatment guidance, preferred antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance can include any of the following except:

A. Ceftolozane-tazobactam B. Meropenem-vaborbactam C. Ceftazidime-avibactam D. Imipenem-relebactam

4. Which of the following newer antimicrobials exhibits in vitro activity against organisms that produce a metallo-beta-lactamase?

A. Plazomicin B. Ceftazidime-avibactam C. Meropenem-vaborbactam D. Cefiderocol

5. When considering the use of rapid molecular diagnostics with a pneumonia panel, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. Rapid diagnostics should be used in addition to current diagnostic methods. B. Rapid diagnostics will not necessarily detect all potential pathogens. C. Rapid diagnostics can detect more potential pathogens over traditional methods. D. Rapid diagnostics will definitively distinguish infection from colonization.

Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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2. Which of the following antimicrobials has the highest potential to induce ampC beta-lactamase production by Gram-negative bacteria?

3. According to the latest IDSA treatment guidance, preferred antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance can include any of the following except:

4. Which of the following newer antimicrobials exhibits in vitro activity against organisms that produce a metallo-beta-lactamase?

5. When considering the use of rapid molecular diagnostics with a pneumonia panel, which of the following statements is FALSE?

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Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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2. Which of the following antimicrobials has the highest potential to induce ampC beta-lactamase production by Gram-negative bacteria?

3. According to the latest IDSA treatment guidance, preferred antimicrobial therapy for P. aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance can include any of the following except:

4. Which of the following newer antimicrobials exhibits in vitro activity against organisms that produce a metallo-beta-lactamase?

5. When considering the use of rapid molecular diagnostics with a pneumonia panel, which of the following statements is FALSE?

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