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1. Which of the following is true for patients with heart failure (HF) in long-term care (LTC) settings?

A. Patients in LTC have lower hospitalization rates due to close monitoring for signs of decompensation B. Patients in LTC have hospitalization rates comparable to patients living at home C. Patients in LTC have higher hospitalization and mortality rates relative to HF patients in the community D. Patients in skilled care LTC have lower hospitalization rates but higher overall mortality

2. Which of the following signs and symptoms associated with worsening heart failure may be seen in HF patients in the LTC setting?

A. Increase in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels B. Decrease in BNP levels C. Hypovolemia D. All the above

3. For a Caucasian patient with Stage C HF, reduced ejection fraction, and no renal impairment, which of the following classes of medication should initially be considered?

A. Diuretic, ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI, beta blocker, aldosterone antagonist B. Diuretic, ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI, beta blocker, and hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate C. Diuretic, ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI, aldosterone antagonist, fish oil D. Diuretic, ACE inhibitor/ARB/ARNI, beta blocker, ivabradine

4. Challenges for individualizing therapy in patients in the LTC setting include:

A. Medication adherence B. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic alterations C. Increased risk for hypertension D. Lack of data on the role of left ventricular function in HF

5. When evaluating and treating HF patients with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), which of the following key concepts is most important?

A. switch all patients from ACE inhibitors to angiotensin receptor blockers B. begin patients on high dose therapy C. titrate patients to target doses if appropriate D. for all patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction, digoxin should be considered as first line therapy

6. What dietary choices are likely to affect the risk of diuretic resistance in patients with HF?

A. Elevated cholesterol in the diet B. Excessive dietary intake of sodium C. Dehydration D. None; the diet of patients is unrelated to diuretic resistance

7. Which of the following approaches may be taken to overcome diuretic resistance?

A. increase dose of loop diuretic B. add a thiazide diuretic to the loop diuretic C. increase frequency of loop diuretic D. All the above

8. In patients receiving therapy with an ACE inhibitor/ARB/or ARNI and an aldosterone antagonist, which of the following is the most important monitoring parameter?

A. Heart rate B. BNP levels C. Potassium levels D. Kidney function

9. Which of the following drugs may cause worsening heart failure or significantly interact with GDMT?

A. Platelet inhibitors (e.g. warfarin, clopidogrel) B. Digoxin C. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors D. All the above

10. Which of the following parameters and laboratory data are essential for LTC pharmacists to triage a patient with HF?

A. Net urine output B. Weight C. BNP D. All the above

Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Which of the following is true for patients with heart failure (HF) in long-term care (LTC) settings?

2. Which of the following signs and symptoms associated with worsening heart failure may be seen in HF patients in the LTC setting?

3. For a Caucasian patient with Stage C HF, reduced ejection fraction, and no renal impairment, which of the following classes of medication should initially be considered?

4. Challenges for individualizing therapy in patients in the LTC setting include:

5. When evaluating and treating HF patients with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), which of the following key concepts is most important?

6. What dietary choices are likely to affect the risk of diuretic resistance in patients with HF?

7. Which of the following approaches may be taken to overcome diuretic resistance?

8. In patients receiving therapy with an ACE inhibitor/ARB/or ARNI and an aldosterone antagonist, which of the following is the most important monitoring parameter?

9. Which of the following drugs may cause worsening heart failure or significantly interact with GDMT?

10. Which of the following parameters and laboratory data are essential for LTC pharmacists to triage a patient with HF?

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Maintenance is scheduled for 8/7/2023 7:00 AM EST - 8:00 AM EST.

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1. Which of the following is true for patients with heart failure (HF) in long-term care (LTC) settings?

2. Which of the following signs and symptoms associated with worsening heart failure may be seen in HF patients in the LTC setting?

3. For a Caucasian patient with Stage C HF, reduced ejection fraction, and no renal impairment, which of the following classes of medication should initially be considered?

4. Challenges for individualizing therapy in patients in the LTC setting include:

5. When evaluating and treating HF patients with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), which of the following key concepts is most important?

6. What dietary choices are likely to affect the risk of diuretic resistance in patients with HF?

7. Which of the following approaches may be taken to overcome diuretic resistance?

8. In patients receiving therapy with an ACE inhibitor/ARB/or ARNI and an aldosterone antagonist, which of the following is the most important monitoring parameter?

9. Which of the following drugs may cause worsening heart failure or significantly interact with GDMT?

10. Which of the following parameters and laboratory data are essential for LTC pharmacists to triage a patient with HF?

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